GLP-1 improves adipose tissue glyoxalase activity and capillarization improving insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes.

Methylglyoxal was shown to impair adipose tissue capillarization and insulin sensitivity in obese models. We hypothesized that glyoxalase-1 (GLO-1) activity could be diminished in the adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic obese patients. Moreover, we assessed whether such activity could be increased by GLP-1-based therapies in order to improve adipose tissue capillarization and insulin sensitivity. GLO-1 activity was assessed in visceral adipose tissue of a cohort of obese patients. The role of GLP-1 in modulating GLO-1 was assessed in type 2 diabetic GK rats submitted to sleeve gastrectomy or Liraglutide treatment, in the adipose tissue angiogenesis assay and in the HUVEC cell line. Glyoxalase-1 activity was decreased in visceral adipose tissue of pre-diabetic and diabetic obese patients, together with other markers of adipose tissue dysfunction and correlated with increased HbA1c levels. Decreased adipose tissue GLO-1 levels in GK rats were increased by sleeve gastrectomy and Liraglutide, being associated with overexpression of angiogenic and vasoactive factors, as well as insulin receptor phosphorylation (Tyr1161). Moreover, GLP-1 increased adipose tissue capillarization and HUVEC proliferation in a glyoxalase-dependent manner. Lower adipose tissue GLO-1 activity was observed in dysmetabolic patients, being a target for GLP-1 in improving adipose tissue capillarization and insulin sensitivity.

Abordaje integrativo del insomnio en atención primaria: medidas no farmacológicas y fitoterapia frente al tratamiento convencional / An integral approach to insomnia in primary care: Non-pharmacological and phytotherapy measures compared to standard treatment

INTRODUCCIÓN: El insomnio es un trastorno del sueño que imposibilita iniciarlo o mantenerlo. En algún momento de la vida, hasta un 50% de adultos lo padecen ante situaciones estresantes. OBJETIVO: Evaluar el impacto de medidas higiénicas del sueño, técnicas de relajación y fitoterapia para abordar el insomnio, comparado con medidas habituales (tratamiento farmacológico). METODOLOGÍA: Estudio experimental, retrospectivo, sin asignación aleatorizada. Revisión de pacientes diagnosticados de insomnio (2008-2010). Los pacientes de grupo intervención (GI) recibieron abordaje integrativo (medidas higiénicas, técnicas de relajación y fitoterapia), y los del grupo control (GC), tratamiento convencional. Se compararon resultados de uso de recursos (media mensual de visitas pre y posdiagnóstico), tipo de tratamiento farmacológico prescrito y dosis total. Evaluación de la calidad del sueño a los 18-24 meses (test de Epworth). RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 48 pacientes en GI y 47 en GC (70% mujeres, media de edad 46 años (DE: 14,3). La media mensual de visitas prediagnóstico fue 0,54(DE: 0,42) en GI y 0,53 (DE: 0,53) en GC (p = 0,88). La media posterior fue 0,36 (DE: 0,24) y 0,65(DE: 0,46), respectivamente (p < 0,0001), observándose reducción estadísticamente significativa en GI. Recibieron alguna benzodiacepina el 52,5% de los pacientes GI y el 93,6% de los del GC (p < 0,0001). En GC se prescribió más alprazolam y lorazepam, con dosis acumuladas superiores. En la evaluación posterior no presentaban insomnio el 17% de los pacientes del GI y el 5% del GC. Presentaban insomnio severo el 13% de los pacientes del GC y ninguno del GI (p < 0,0001). CONCLUSIONES: El abordaje integrativo del insomnio puede ser resolutivo, disminuyendo las visitas y los efectos secundarios y la dependencia a benzodiacepinas

INTRODUCTION: Insomnia is a sleep disorder in which there is an inability to fall asleep or to stay asleep. At some point in life, 50% of adults suffer from it, usually in stress situations. AIM: To evaluate the impact of sleep hygiene measures, relaxations techniques, and herbal medicine to deal with insomnia, compared with standard measures (drug treatment). METHODOLOGY: An experimental, retrospective, non-randomized study was conducted by means of a review of patients diagnosed with insomnia (2008-2010). Patients in the intervention group (IG) received an integrative approach (hygiene measures, relaxation techniques, and herbal medicine) and a control group (CG) with conventional treatment. A comparison was made of the resources used in the two groups (average monthly visits pre- and post-diagnosis), type of prescribed drug therapy and total dose. Sleep quality was evaluated at 18-24 months (Epworth test). RESULTS: A total of 48 patients were included in the IG and 47 in the CG (70% women, mean age 46 years (SD: 14.3). Average monthly visit pre-diagnosis was 0.54 (SD: 0.42) in the IG and 0.53 (SD: 0.53) in the CG (P = .88). Post-diagnosis it was 0.36 (SD: 0.24) and 0.65 (SD: 0.46), respectively (P < .0001), with a statistically significant reduction being observed in the IG. More than half (52.5%) of the IG patients and 93.6% in the CG had received a benzodiazepine (P < .0001). Alprazolam and lorazepam were the most prescribed in the CG and with higher cumulative dose. In the subsequent evaluation, 17% of patients in the IG and 5% in CG did not have insomnia. Severe insomnia was present in 13% of patients in the IG and none in CG (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: The integrative approach to insomnia may be worthwhile as it reduces resource use and side effects, as well as dependence to benzodiazepines

[Metabolic syndrome in health care personnel from a primary care unit]. / Síndrome metabólico en personal de salud de una unidad de medicina familiar.

BACKGROUND: the metabolic syndrome (MS) is a public health problem in Mexico and in the world due to its progressive growing and cardiovascular complications. Our aim was to identify the frequency of MS in health care workers in a primary care unit. METHODS: a prospective study, descriptive, observational and transversal was performed. A non probabilistic sample was obtained in agreement with health 90 workers (family physicians, dentist, office medical assistants, nurses, laboratory personnel and social workers), that were working from March to September of 2007. The Adult Treatment Panel III criterion was used to diagnose and classify. RESULTS: the 40 % presented MS, it was higher in women (42 %) and in the group of 40 to 49 years (47 %). Dentists and social workers were the most affected (62 %), the nurses (42 %), family physicians (32 %) and medical office assistant (30 %). CONCLUSIONS: the MS was common in the health personnel. Our results showed major frequency compared with that reported in other countries and general Mexican population of adults.